THE EFFECT OF BALANCED EXERCISES ON BALANCE LEVEL OF ELDERLY IN NURSING HOMES

As people grow older a number of physiological changes occur. Furthermore,
low muscle strength is a risk factor for falls in older people. This study aimed to determine the effects
of strength and balance exercises on elderly nursing-home residents.
Materials & Methods: This clinical trial study covered 48 elderly in three age groups (65-70, 71-75
and 76-80) that were selected through purposive sampling. They were divided into two equal groups
of men and women. The pretest-posttest trial was used. Strengthening exercises were performed for
one month in twelve 30-minute sessions. Data were collected using a questioner and Tinetti
Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA). Different statistical tests such as repeated
measures ANOVA were used for data analysis by SPSS.
Results: From 48 samples, body mass index (BMI) in 31% was under 20%; and in 69% BMI was
between 20-25%. In the last six months, 10% reported two falls; 25% reported one fall; and 65% had
no falls. There was a significant increase in the score of performance before and after the exercises
(p<0.001). However, change in test scores was not very significant (p<0.154).
Conclusion: Finally, the positive effects of strengthening exercises on improvement of balance level
and muscular power in the elderly is very obvious. Exercises particularly for strengthening lower
extremities are essential to maintain independence and prevent falls.