EFFECTS OF ANIMAL OILS COMPARED TO VEGETABLE OILS ON HISTOPATHOLOGY AND LIVER ENZYMES: INTERVENTIONAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

This study aimed to investigate the effects caused by butter and fat animal oils in
camparison to rapeseed and sesame oils on liver histopathology and liver enzymes in rats.
Materials & Methods: This experimental study was performed on 36 adult male and female rats
(20±200 g). The studied groups were fed by two levels of 10 and 20% and including sesame oil, canola
oil, tail and animal butter; the control group was fed according to the standard without using the above
oils. At the end of 6 weeks of weight change, Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Alanine Transaminase (ALT)
and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) levels were measured.
Results: Diet containing 10% tail (202.5 g), and 20% butter and sesame (196.75 g) caused weight gain,
which compared to butter and sesame, sesame caused more weight gain (p˃0.05). Butter and sesame oil
at both levels of 10% and 20% in the diet of male and female rats reduced the amount of ALP, which in
comparison to butter and sesame can be said to lead to a further reduction in ALP (226.75). Rapeseed
and tail oil increased ALP levels by 10% and 20% at both levels. Compared to rapeseed and tail oil, it
can be concluded that rapeseed oil increased ALP (559 mg). A higher increase in ALT was observed in
diets containing 10% of tail (114.75 mg) and in 20% of rapeseed (139.5 mg). Vegetable oils of sesame
and rapeseed and butter and tail oils in the diet at the level of 10 and 20% led to an increase in AST,
which at the level of 10% butter (211.25 mg) and at the level of 20% sesame caused a significant increase
in AST (233.5 mg).
Conclusion: Animal oils cause weight gain in both fat levels while vegetable oils cause weight loss.
Vegetable and animal oils at both fat levels increase AST, and vegetable and tail oils at both fat levels
increase ALT. Butter and sesame oils at both levels decrease and rapeseed and tail oils at both levels
increase ALP. Histology also showed the highest changes in the level of 20% of rapeseed and sesame
oils and then butter, respectively