The mesenchymal stem cell-derived microvesicles enhance sciatic nerve regeneration in rat: A novel approach in peripheral nerve cell therapy

The accomplishment for desired functional peripheral nerve regeneration is still challenging despite various materials and methods. The
effects of local application of omental adipose mesenchymal stromal cellYderived microvesicles (MVs) on peripheral nerve regeneration
were studied using a rat sciatic nerve transection model.
METHODS: A 10-mm gap of sciatic nerve was bridged with a chitosan conduit. The rats were divided into five experimental groups randomly as
follows: cultured undifferentiated omental adipose-derived stromal cells, rest mesenchymal stem cellYderived MVs (c-MVs), antiinflammatory
mesenchymal stem cellYderived MVs (anti-MVs), proinflammatory mesenchymal stem cellYderived MVs (pro-MVs),
and negative control (Chit).
RESULTS: The functional assessment of nerve regeneration (walking track analyses), electrophysiologic measurements, muscle mass measurements,
as well as histomorphometrical and immunohistochemical indices showed drastic improvement in nerve regeneration in c-MVs
and anti-MVs animals compared with pro-MVs animals (p G 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The anti-inflammatory stem cellYderived MVs can be used as an alternative for the improvement of rat sciatic nerve regeneration