Risk of breast cancer in relation to reproductive factors in North-west of Iran, 2013-2014

More than one million new patients suffer from breast cancer annually in the world. In developed countries,
breast cancer is the most common malignancy diagnosed among women, and in developing regions, it often
ranks second to cervical cancer. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between incidence of breast
cancer and reproductive factors in North-West of Iran. This retrospective analytical control-case study was
conducted with 235 breast cancer patients and 235 women in the control group. Data collection tools included
a set of questions with interviews and patient medical records. Data were analyzed using statistical tests: t-test,
Chi-square, Fisher, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Significantly increased risks were associated between
breast cancer and older age at first pregnancy, age at menopause and history of contraceptive use. A trend for
decreasing risk were observed with increasing parity. Findings of this study showed no association between breast
cancer and age at menarche. The study results suggested that physiological and reproductive factors may play
important roles in the development breast cancer among Iranian women.