Prediction of self-management behavior among iranian women with type 2 diabetes: Application of the theory of reasoned action along with self-efficacy (ETRA)

Didarloo, A.R and Shojaeizadeh, D and Gharaaghaji Asl, R and Habibzadeh, H and Niknami, S and Pourali, R (2012) Prediction of self-management behavior among iranian women with type 2 diabetes: Application of the theory of reasoned action along with self-efficacy (ETRA). Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal, 14 (2). pp. 85-94.

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Abstract

Continuous performing of diabetes self-care behaviors was shown to be an effective strategy to control diabetes and to prevent or reduce its- related complications. This study aimed to investigate predictors of self-care behavior based on the extended theory of reasoned action by self efficacy (ETRA) among women with type 2 diabetes in Iran. Methods: A sample of 352 women with type 2 diabetes, referring to a Diabetes Clinic in Khoy, Iran using the nonprobability sampling was enrolled. Appropriate instruments were designed to measure the variables of interest (diabetes knowledge, personal beliefs, subjective norm, self-efficacy and behavioral intention along with self- care behaviors). Reliability and validity of the instruments using Cronbach’s alpha coefficients (the values of them were more than 0.70) and a panel of experts were tested. Results: A statistical significant correlation existed between independent constructs of proposed model and modelrelated dependent constructs, as ETRA model along with its related external factors explained 41.5% of variance of intentions and 25.3% of variance of actual behavior. Among constructs of model, self-efficacy was the strongest predictor of intentions among women with type 2 diabetes, as it lonely explained 31.3% of variance of intentions and 11.4% of variance of self-care behavior. Conclusion: The high ability of the extended theory of reasoned action with self-efficacy in forecasting and explaining diabetes mellitus self management can be a base for educational intervention. So to improve diabetes self management behavior and to control the disease, use of educational interventions based on proposed model is suggested.

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