Calcium and vitamin D3 combinations improve fatty liver disease through AMPK‑independent mechanisms

Shojaei Zarghani, S and Alizadeh, M and Soraya, H (2016) Calcium and vitamin D3 combinations improve fatty liver disease through AMPK‑independent mechanisms. Eur J Nutr. pp. 1-10.

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Abstract

Purpose Some research fndings suggest that calcium plus vitamin D (VitD) might have a preventive effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease development. Moreover, contradictory evidence also exists regarding calcium and VitD defcient diets. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of four different dietary calcium and VitD3 (cholecalciferol) levels on the development of high-fat, high-fructose (HFHFr) diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation. Methods Thirty male Wistar rats were fed with normal or HFHFr diet containing low calcium (0.2%) and VitD 3 (250 IU/kg) (LCD), normal calcium (0.5%) and VtD 3 (1000 IU/kg) (CN), high calcium (1.2%) and VitD3 (4000 IU/kg) (HCD) or very high amount of calcium (2.4%) and VitD3 (10,000 IU/kg) (VHCD). After 60 days, anthropometric, metabolic and hepatic parameters were evaluated. The effect of the experimental diets on liver AMPK phosphorylation was also investigated. Results Rats fed on high calcium plus VitD3 diets, especially VHCD, demonstrated lower adiposity, serum liver enzymes, hepatic lipid accumulation and steatosis. The LCD diet also decreased hepatic lipid content and fatty

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