Sodium selenite and Se-enriched yeast supplementation in atherosclerotic patients: Effects on the expression of pyroptosis-related genes and oxidative stress status

Roshanravan, Neda and Khabbaz-Koche-Ghazi, Mahdiyeh and Ghaffari, Samad and Naemi, Mohammad and Mesri-Alamdari, Naimeh and Namazi-Shabestari, Alireza and Mosharkesh, Erfan and Soleimanzadeh, Hamid and Taban-Sadeghi, Mohammadreza and Alipour, Shahriar and Bastani, Sepideh and Tarighat-Esfanjani, Ali Sodium selenite and Se-enriched yeast supplementation in atherosclerotic patients: Effects on the expression of pyroptosis-related genes and oxidative stress status. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases.

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Abstract

Background and aims Atherosclerosis as a chronic inflammatory disorder of the arterial wall is the main leading cause of the cardiovascular disease (CVD). Caspase-dependent pyroptosis plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of CVD. Selenium (Se) is an important component of the antioxidant defense and plays a crucial role in cardiovascular health. This study aimed to investigate the effects of daily consumption of sodium selenite and Se-enriched yeast on the expression of pyroptosis-related genes, and biomarkers of oxidative stress in patients with atherosclerosis. Methods and results In this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 60 patients with atherosclerosis were recruited. Participants received 200 μg/day of sodium selenite, Se-enriched yeast, or placebo for 8 following weeks. The pyroptosis-related genes’ mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was assessed before and after the intervention. Also, the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and glutathione peroxidases (GPX) were measured at baseline and following the intervention. Following sodium selenite and Se-enriched yeast supplementation, the relative expression levels of TLR4, ASC, NLRP3, and NF-κB1 were significantly downregulated (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the changes in GPX were significantly increased after selenite and yeast supplementation (p < 0.05). Also, selenite and yeast consumption caused a statistically significant decrease in the change of MDA level (p < 0.05). Conclusion In summary, these findings showed that Se supplementation may reduce inflammation through down-regulation of some pro-inflammatory genes, improving antioxidant defenses in atherosclerosis patients. Further research is required to come to a definite conclusion of selenium supplementation on the CVD risk.

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