SENSITIVITY PATTERN AND RESISTANCE AGAINST ANTIBIOTICS IN ISOLATED MICROORGANISMS OF HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS

The presence of resistant bacteria in different parts of hospitals and the
problems these persistent bacteria cause in treating the patients urge the necessity of identification and
precise knowledge about these bacteria and their sensitivity pattern and resistance against antibiotics.
This investigation was conducted in order to determine the sensitivity pattern and resistance against
antibiotics in isolated microorganisms from hospitalized patients.
Materials & Methods: This is a descriptive sectional investigation which was conducted from January
2009 to January 2011 in Taleghani Hospital in Urmia City and the cultured samples of patients from
different parts of the hospital including urine, blood, phlegm, ulcer, discharge, etc. sent to the
laboratory were investigated. In order to determine antibiogram disk agar diffusion (DAD) method
was used, positive cultures were extracted and their results regarding the type of bacteria and
antibiogram results were recorded in the experiment paper. The gathered data were analyzed using
SPSS-20 software.
Results: From all cultured samples in two years, 964 samples were reported and 640 samples were
from hospitalized patients from different parts of the hospital from which 48.4% of the samples were
from the male patients and 51.6% from the female patients; and age average of the patients was 60
years and the age range of the patients was from 12 to 99. The highest sensitivity among all samples
belonged to vancomycin (more than 90%). and the highest resistance belonged to cephalexin,
erythromycin and cefixime (more than 70%). The most common bacterium and the most sensitive
antibiotic (with ignoring vancomycin) were as follows, in urine samples: E.Coli 57.9%,
nitrofurantoine – blood: negative staph coagulase 33.5%, rifampin – discharge: staph.aureus
38.6%,imipenem– ulcer: staph.aureus 38.6%, nitrofurantoin and co-trimoxazole – sputum :
acintobacter 45.5%, rifampin.
Conclusion: The results of this research shows extensive increase in the resistance of the bacteria
compared to common antibiotics the reason of which may be irregular consumption and prescription
of antibiotics, so it is advised that more care shall be used in choosing antibiotics for the treatment and
its prescription. Also, precise determination of antibiotic sensitivity pattern needs more extensive
investigation with more samples in different treatment centers.