CIGARETTE SMOKING PATTERNS IN ADULT SMOKERS OF IRAN A CONTENT ANALYSIS STUDY

Cigarette smokers are a vulnerable population because they are exposed to various
diseases and the morbidity and mortality rates among them are high. Smoking prevalence is relatively high in
Iran, and nursing researchers by qualitative approaches could play a key role in reducing it. This study aimed to
identify the smoking patterns in adults by qualitative approach.
Materials and Methods: The present study was done as a qualitative approach by using conventional content
analysis method. Thirty people participated in the study and were evaluated by using techniques including:
individual interview, scenario, responding to primary and supplementary questionnaire, responding to cigarette
sellers’ questionnaire, and group discussion. To achieve the trustworthiness data we noticed 4 dimensions
included: credibility, dependability, confirmability and transferability.
Results: Finding of this study summarized in 5 main categories and 15 subcategories. The pattern of cigarette
lightening with 3 subcategories including: dependency to cigarette smoking, observation of cigarette smoking, and
conditional behavior. The pattern of provision of cigarette with 3 subcategories including: how to buy cigarette,
purchase priority of cigarette, and cigarette smokers’ behavior in the case of not having a cigarette. The pattern of
cigarette smoking with 3 subcategories including: do not bother others, unwanted bother of others, and bullying
of cigarette smoker. The pattern of cigarette exchanging with 4 subcategories including: requesting of a cigarette,
responding to cigarette requesting , offering of cigarette to others, and responding to cigarette offer . Finally, the
pattern of increasing the number of cigarette with 2 subcategories including: causes of cigarette increasing and
the result of cigarette increasing.
Conclusion: Without identifying the patterns of cigarette smoking, engagment of health team with cigarette
smokers will not be correct and the smokers have a defensive behavior against to the personnel of health team.
Understanding the cigarette smokers and his/him behaviors as a client including: “how they prepare cigarette and
exchange?” “Why they lighten a cigarette?” “What is the benefits of cigarette to smokers?” “A cigarette smoker
what manifest behavior when he/she has not a cigarette?” and “Why do smokers with their cigarette smoking cause
offense to others?” extremely helpful to establish a proper relationship between the nursing staff and smoker and
this relationship can be a platform to educate smokers and quit smoking