Anemia and Thrombocytopenia in Acute and Chronic Renal Failure

Acute renal failure describes as a syndrome by rapid decline in the ability of the kidney to
eliminate waste products, regulate acid–base balance, and manage water homeostasis. When this impairment
is prolonged and entered chronic phase, erythropoietin secretion by this organ is decreasing and toxic
metabolic accumulates and causes hematological changes include decrease of HCT, MCV and RBC and platelet
counts. This study evaluates present of anemia and thrombocytopenia in patients with acute and chronic renal
failure.
Materials and Methods: This study conducted on 132 patients with renal impairment and also 179 healthy
individuals as two separated control groups. Initially patients with renal problem were tested and after
confirmation of impairment, patients were divided in two groups, acute with less than 3 months and chronic
with more than 3 months renal failure, based on duration of the disease. Then complete blood count
performed for each patient and finally obtained data were analyzed by SPSS software.
Results: Comparison between 96 patients with acute and 36 patients with chronic renal failure revealed that
severity of anemia (HCT, Hb and MCV) between these two groups were statistically high in comparison with
control groups (P>0.05) but thrombocytopenia in patients with chronic renal failure was statistically different
from control and the acute ones (P<0.001).
Conclusion: It was recommended that in patients with chronic renal failure, to prevent the risk of bleeding,
platelet count should be checked periodically