Types and Concentration of Fungal Bioaerosols in the Indoor Air of Various Units of Three Teaching Hospitals

Hospitals are among the most susceptible places to the
distribution of bioaerosol-related infections given their potential for a high
microbial density and Low immunity of a number of patients. Accordingly,
the investigation of the types and concentration of fungal bioaerosols, as well
as the implementation of periodic monitoring and constant control, in
hospitals can play a significant role in controlling nosocomial infections.
Regarding this, the aim of the present study was to investigate the types and
concentration of fungal bioaerosols in the indoor air of different units of
three teaching hospitals.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 272
samples obtained from selected units, with an emphasis on the special units
of three teaching hospitals, during the first six months of 2016. The sampling
was performed using the Quick Take 30 sampler according to a standard
method recommended by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and
Health (0800), as well as the Andersen single-step sampler. After
identification by standard methods, they were analyzed.
Findings: The mean fungal concentrations were estimated at 96, 65, and 44
CFU/m3 in the H1, H2, and H3 hospitals, respectively. Accordingly, the air
quality of the different units under investigation was ranked intermediate
based on the standard of the European Union Good Manufacturing Practice.
The results demonstrated a strong correlation between population density
and fungal concentration in the indoor air of H1 and H3 hospitals. Based on
diagnostic findings, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, and Alternaria
species were the most common fungi in the studied hospitals.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, the periodic monitoring and constant
control of fungal bioaerosols in the indoor air of hospitals should be
prioritized in the hospital management process. This end can be
accomplished by the establishment of active committees controlling
infection and environmental health.