Prediction of Non-exercise Equation for Estimating Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Investigation of the Effective Components on Society: An analytic (case-control) study

In large populations, the level of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) can be evaluated by estimating non-exercise
models with the least amount of time and money. In this study, we present non-exercise equations for predicting CRF and also
investigate the effect of socio-environmental factors on it.
Materials & Methods: 2490 male and female subjects aged 25-65 years old from different cities of Iran participated in this study.
Rockport and Bruce (10% in each age category and gender) exercise test measured VO2max, a global standard for evaluation of CRF.
Three non-exercise equations including, VO2masStep, VO2maxIPAQ-s, and VO2maxIPAQ-l were estimated using Stepwise Linear
Regression. Variables for estimating these models are physical activity (PA) (obtained by pedometer and short and long-form of the
International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), separately), BodyMass Index (BMI) ,Waist-Hip Ratio(WHR), Body Adiposity
Index (BAI ), age, gender, and VO2maxROC. For comparison between measured and predicted VO2max values based on age, gender,
level of education and city of residence Repeated Measures Analysis with Bonferroni Compare Main Effect test was used.
Results: There were significant relationships between measured and estimated VO2max (p<0.05) (VO2maxIPAQ-l: R2adj=0.671 and
SEE=4.381, VO2maxStep: R2adj=0.543 and SEE=5.331 and VO2maxIPAQ-s: R2adj=0.621 and SEE=4.823). Also, there were
significant differences between VO2max values in males and females in different age categories and city of residence (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that predicted VO2max models with SC, IPAQ-s, and IPAQ-l can be used as non-
exercise models for estimating VO2max in Iranian society, and socio-environmental factors are influential variables on PA and level
of CRF