Enhanced oxidative stress in Hashimoto's thyroiditis: Inter-relationships to biomarkers of thyroid function

Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory and
immune-mediated disorders including Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). The objectives of the present
cross-sectional investigation were to estimate serum glutathione (GSH) status and the activities of its
recycling enzymes in HT and to explore their interrelationships with biomarkers of autoimmunity and
thyroid function.
Design and methods: Newly diagnosed females with HT (n=44) and 58 matched control subjects were
recruited. Thyroid hormone profile, anti-thyroperoxidase anti-body (TPO-AB), anti-thyroglublin antibody
(Tg-AB), thyroid volume (Tvol), urinary iodine excretion (UIE), GSH and the activities of glutathione
peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase and gamma-glutamyltransferase were assessed.
Results: Median UIE in HT was slightly but not significantly higher than that of controls. HT group
exhibited higher levels of TSH, TPO-AB, Tg-AB and larger Tvol when compared with controls (Pb0.001).
The means of GSH and GPx in HT patients were significantly different from those of controls (Pb0.001).
In HT subjects, significant associations were seen between Tvol on TSH, GSH on TPO-AB, GSH on TSH and
TPO-AB titers on TSH, respectively.
Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate a substantial reduction in GSH status in HT subjects.
Secondly, the interrelationship between the GSH contents and TPO-AB titers in HT provides a preliminary
data to support the notion that GSH diminution is a hallmark of in the events leading to oxidative stress
activation and the development of immunological intolerance in HT. Further studies are required to elucidate
the role of GSH in the etiology of down-regulation of thyroid function